Gastroenterology -Therapeutics & Hepatology

Barrett’s Esophagus: Current Therapeutics

Barrett’s esophagus, a condition where the esophageal lining changes due to chronic acid exposure, is a precursor to esophageal cancer. Current therapeutics focus on managing symptoms, preventing progression, and addressing precancerous changes. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) remain a cornerstone in treatment, effectively reducing acid reflux and preventing further damage to the esophageal lining. For patients with dysplasia or significant risk, endoscopic therapies have become crucial. Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) are minimally invasive techniques that remove or destroy abnormal tissue, reducing the risk of progression to cancer. Innovative approaches also include cryotherapy and photodynamic therapy, which use cold or light to target abnormal cells. Additionally, new research into targeted therapies and immunotherapy is exploring potential treatments for Barrett’s esophagus with dysplasia or early cancer. These current therapeutics are improving patient outcomes by enhancing symptom control, reducing cancer risk, and offering effective management strategies for Barrett’s esophagus.